In my work with clients leaving high control religions, groups and cults, I often use a model developed by Dr. Steven Hassan called the BITE Model of Authoritarian Control. My clients often find it challenging to discern what level of control they have been living under, and this model helps them analyze their specific experiences. ​Here is a link directly to Dr. Hassan's website: 

https://freedomofmind.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/BITE-model.pdf

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Below is a recap of the BITE Model entry I included in the Deconstruction Dictionary as well as two screenshots of the original PDFs you can find on his site. ​

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B – Behavior Control

• You’re told exactly how to dress and act to prove your obedience.

• You're discouraged or forbidden from spending time with people outside the group.

Potential clinical implications (especially in high control settings)

• Personal boundaries may be difficult to define or maintain.

• Independent decision-making may feel overwhelming or insecure.

• Natural self-expression may be suppressed in behavior, clothing, or interests.

 

I – Information Control

• You aren’t allowed to read certain books or websites because they criticize your religion.

• Only specific leaders are allowed to explain or interpret teachings for you.

Potential clinical implications (especially in high control settings)

• Mainstream or diverse sources of information may be distrusted.

• Encountering different viewpoints may evoke fear, guilt, or internal resistance.

• Critical thinking skills may be underdeveloped due to restricted exposure.

 

T – Thought Control

• You’re made to feel sinful or rebellious for having doubts or asking hard questions.

• You're taught that anyone outside your group is deceived or evil, and you're expected to think the same way.

Potential clinical implications (especially in high control settings)

• Intuitive thoughts may conflict with internalized teachings, creating psychological tension.

• Shame may surround intellectual curiosity or self-inquiry.

• Independent belief formation may be difficult or fraught with guilt.

 

E – Emotional Control

• You feel intense guilt or fear whenever you think about leaving or disagreeing.

• You’re taught to feel ashamed when you question, speak up, or think independently.

Potential clinical implications (especially in high control settings)

• Chronic guilt or shame may persist regardless of actions.

• Emotional suppression or numbness can become a coping mechanism.

• High emotional reactivity may develop in response to perceived disloyalty or dissent.​

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